When planning your life abroad, three key terms often come up: visa, residency, and citizenship. They might sound similar, but they offer very different rights and responsibilities. Understanding the difference is the first step toward building a real Plan B.
What is a Visa?
A visa is like a key that opens the door to a country temporarily. You’re allowed to enter and stay for a limited period (30, 60, 90, or 180 days depending on the country), but you can’t usually work or conduct business. It’s a great way to test the waters: visit the country, explore its lifestyle, and see if it feels like a fit. But remember: a visa is short-term and comes with restrictions.
What is Residency?
A residency permit allows you to live in a country longer-term. It typically lets you open a bank account, rent or buy property, and sometimes work or start a business depending on the program. You won’t have voting rights or full national benefits, but residency can be a powerful backup. In many cases, it's the first step toward citizenship.
What is Citizenship?
Citizenship makes you a full legal member of the country. You get the passport, voting rights, and access to public services. In many cases, you can live, work, and travel freely with no restrictions. Some programs require investment, others offer citizenship after years of legal residency. But either way, this is the ultimate safety net and a powerful tool for global mobility.